ASHIMOV, A.A. and ZHEKSEMBINA, A.E. (2013) EMERGENCY SITUATIONS IN PSYCHIATRY AND ADDICTION. Научно-практический журнал “Вестник КазНМУ” (3). ISSN 9965-01-300-4 (In Press)
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Abstract
In this article the rationale for the "study of emergency conditions" in the psychiatric and drug practices, ordering of these states by the example of the classification of "emergency conditions" in psychiatry and addiction H. Louter (1980). Features of emergency in these conditions: the timeliness, sequence, volume and quality. Many people who are opioid addicted have co-occurring mental disorders. However, mental health and addiction treatment systems often are separated. This situation may result in patients' being treated at one location for addiction and at another for mental disorders. Some mental health care facilities do not accept patients in medication-assisted treatment for opioid addiction (MAT), forcing these patients to choose which disorder to treat. The concept of "states of emergency in Psychiatry and Addiction" is arbitrary, since as there is almost no emergency condition, which would be accompanied by a violation of the mental functions, and would not involve other body systems. In a number of guidelines in this group include emergency conditions, emerging only in the framework of mental illness, alcoholism, substance abuse and exclude acute mental disorder with somatic diseases. The major emergency situations in Psychiatry and Addiction include: Agitation, suicidal and auto-aggressive behavior, convulsive seizures and status epilepticus; Nonalcoholic (somatogenic) delirium; amential syndrome, Delirium tremens (complicated and uncomplicated), acute alcoholic encephalopathy Gayet-Wernicke; Syndromes Off consciousness Refusal to eat due to mental disorders, severe (deep) drunkenness; overdose of opiates or opioids; Main types of withdrawal syndromes; Panic attacks and vegetative crises; poisoning with psychotropic drugs, acute complications in the application of psychotropic drugs. In psychiatric practice emergency conditions are not determined by the intensity of the patient experience, and psycho-motor manifestations of the disease or expected actions and behavior of the patient. Emergency assistance for mental illness, along with drug treatment includes special activities for the care, supervision and oversight. It should be emphasized that the emergency services have not only acute but also in chronic psychotic disorders occurring involving dangerous actions of patients. Of all the categories of emergencies in psychiatry are three main, related to: • suicide attempt or threat; • Unmanaged agitated;• physical violence or its threat. The provision of emergency care for mentally ill need to establish an accurate diagnosis of acute symptoms and underlying mental illness that caused the syndrome, and be sure to monitor the behavior of the patient. If the primary diagnosis of mental illness is not possible, to exclude the organic etiology of acute agitation or other mental disorders, as high doses of haloperidol, chlorpromazine and other neuroleptics inside (as in relieving mania or schizophrenia) can lead to death. The most pressing problem of differential diagnosis in emergency mental states is the establishment of an organic or inorganic nature of acute mental syndrome.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | mental disorders, emergency situations in psychiatry and addiction |
| Subjects: | R Medicine > R Medicine (General) |
| Divisions: | Научно-практический журнал "Вестник КазНМУ" > Выпуск №2 2013 год |
| Depositing User: | Mr Press KazNMU |
| Date Deposited: | 26 Jun 2013 11:51 |
| Last Modified: | 26 Jun 2013 11:51 |
| URI: | http://repository.kaznmu.kz/id/eprint/8273 |
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