SHATEKOVA, S.J. (2013) CLINICAL AND HEMODYNAMIC FEATURES OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION IN ELDERLY AGE. Научно-практический журнал “Вестник КазНМУ” (3). ISSN 9965-01-300-4
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Abstract
It is estimated that about 65 percent of people older than the age of 65 (the elderly) have hypertension. Increasing age is associated with changes in the structure of walls of the blood vessels that make them less likely to give. These changes produce loss of vascular compliance, and it affects the size and volume of the lining of the arteries and ultimately results in hypertension. These biologic changes in the arterial caliber (diameter of the blood vessels) translate into overall cardiac dysfunction and to heart failure. Long-term systemic hypertension in elderly and senile patients, regardless of the clinical form in general, accompanied by changes in the central hemodynamics, different types of hemodynamic characteristic not only of young and middle age, but also for elderly patients with hypertension. Diagnosing arterial hypertension in the elderly, especially very old ones, may be accompanied with problems. In approximately 2% to 5% of elderly persons with rigid, calcified arteries, it is impossible to ensure the collapse of the brachial artery, which gives false high values of the arterial blood pressure. This phenomenon is called pseudohypertension. Pseudohypertension is suspected in persons with minimal vascular damage of the retina in spite of the highmeasured values of arterial blood pressure, and in those who show postural symptoms after discontinuation of therapy. Arterial hypertension in the elderly is characterized by significant oscillations in the values of arterial pressure which can be proved by 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. In one of our researches we found that variations of systolic pressure values in hypertensive subjects older than 60 years correlated with their age and they were the most frequent in patients older than 80 years of age. We also determined that reduction of systolic blood pressure during night inversely correlated with age. The purpose of treating arterial hypertension in elderly persons is identical to the purpose of treating it in young and middle-aged populations – its reduction to values below 140/90 mmHg, ie reduction to values below 130/80 mmHg in the high-risk patients with clinical damage (after acute myocardial infarction, due to renal failure, after cerebrovascular insult) and those suffering from diabetes mellitus.Like in the case with hypertensive patients in younger age, reduction of body weight, restriction of salt intake according to DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension), increased physical activity and moderate alcohol intake (one serving per day for women and two servings for men) is advised for the elderly regardless of the type of arterial hypertension. According to our data, the characteristics of the course of each of the forms of arterial hypertension (AH) drew attention to the following: in 54.0% of patients with essential hypertension (EH) II stage indicated the onset of middle age, 28.0% had onset of the disease from a young age . In 26.0% patients had a family history of hypertension.
| Item Type: | Article |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | hypertension; systole; aged; risk factors; drug therapy |
| Subjects: | R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology |
| Divisions: | Научно-практический журнал "Вестник КазНМУ" > Выпуск №2 2013 год |
| Depositing User: | Mr Press KazNMU |
| Date Deposited: | 27 Jun 2013 08:38 |
| Last Modified: | 27 Jun 2013 08:38 |
| URI: | http://repository.kaznmu.kz/id/eprint/8968 |
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